Review on the article Envy at work, Tanya Menon and Leigh Thompson

Introduction In the article ‘Envy at work,’ Tanya Menon and Leigh Thompson asserted that, â€Å"Envy in the place of work can contribute immensely to the down fall of any organization.† In most cases, the end result turns out to be damaging to the envied and the envier.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Review on the article ‘Envy at work,’ Tanya Menon and Leigh Thompson specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In line with this, the authors argue that envy can be difficult to manage especially when the envier is in a state of denial. Self-denial tends to be common due to the unsocial nature of envy and the way it manifests itself when left untamed. Furthermore, in the article, the authors talk about envy in the workplace and suggested various ways in which it can to be prevented or avoided (2). Manifestation of envy To give a perfect example of how envy could be the source of strained rela tionship between friends or colleagues, two coworkers namely Scott and Marty used to be team mates in a consulting firm. They both had a perfect performance record and regarded it as the core personalities of the team. In as much as both were competitive, they had different personalities, Marty was more of a performer, but Scott was more of a social person who had his networking skills well cut out. Scott gained more recognition and attention as compared to Marty due to his social traits. Marty on the other hand got less attention and he brushed aside Scott’s qualities and claimed that people will only recognize who is superior regardless of character (Menon Thompson 3). Scott later earned a promotion at the work place and this irritated Marty and made him envious of Scott. In the end, due to envy Marty almost sabotaged Scott’s presentation. Instead of Scott losing his job, Marty is sent packing and he lost his job. This clearly indicates how the envy of one colleague towards another can cause one to stop focusing on his achievements and instead struggle to sabotage other person’s positions. In the end this only succeeds in damaging the envier s reputation and respect (Menon Thompson 3).Advertising Looking for essay on business communication? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Tanya Menon and Leigh Thompson further pinpointed that most managers prefer getting ideas from their counter parts in different organizations as opposed to getting ideas from internal colleagues. This idea has resulted in companies having to spend more on time and money hiring consultants yet the organization consists of people who can execute the job in a similar way or even better. The issue of inside rivalry tends to damage an organization in terms of losing its key people to other organizations where their ideas are more appreciated (4). Managing Envy The authors in their article suggested ways in which envy can be tamed and managed in a manner that does not damage an organizations growth. The first step is identifying things that make an individual envious of others. Also, asking things that make an individual feel insecure. They suggest focusing on one’s progress rather than concentrating on other coworkers or individuals development. That way one is able to gauge personal progress and avoid envious feelings from coming up every time a colleague progresses. Another important aspect involves acknowledging ones strengths since everyone has something that he or she is good at (Menon Thompson 5). In order to manage envy in a team, the authors suggested simple techniques such as the sharing of glory. Whenever a team performs well, the managers need to congratulate all team members and also promote some members. This will play a huge role in creating a good relationship and nurturing future leaders. Another important strategy includes making what appears scarce to be in abundance. This will reduce competition for resources and consequently curtail levels of envy among colleagues. The organization should also give workmates who appear as envious of one another, different levels of influence so that they would not have to brush shoulders trying to outdo one another. By so doing, they will be gauged based on different metrics. The authors warned managers to avoid selective praises whereby they consistently give praise and attention to selected few and ignoring other team members who obviously contribute to the team’s success in one way or the other. Collaborative ideas and innovations ought to be encouraged in organizations in order to encourage sharing of ideas among members of an organization and learning from one another.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Review on the article ‘Envy at work,’ Tanya Menon and Leigh Thompson specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Conclusion The authors state that envy comes naturally and automatically, but can be controlled or managed and harnessed to improve an individual’s performance and also the performance of team members (Menon Thompson 6). Lastly, the authors asserted that â€Å"by meditating on vulnerable moments and exercising new habits, one can change an improper and harmful emotion into a means of improving both performance and dealing with coworkers.† Comments From this text, I personally would discourage envy to come in between an organizations progress because in most cases, it ends up creating enmity among colleagues and eventually they end up devising ways of sabotaging their coworkers. The sole looser becomes the organization because as a result, it loses its bests managers and workers to other organizations. Works Cited Menon, Tanya, and Thompson Leigh. â€Å"Envy at work.† Harvard Business Review. April 2010: 1-6. Print. This essay on Review on the article ‘Envy at work,’ Tanya Menon and Leigh Thompson was written and submitted by user Isabela Blackwell to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Love and Family essay

Love and Family essay Love and Family essay Love and Family essayThis book discusses the issue of family love, placing emphasis on the commitment between family members. The author’s main characters are two women and their three children. This book provides an example of the significance of love and trust in family relationships. This source of information can be used in the further research to assess the connection between love and family attitudes.   This source is reliable as many facts are taken from real life situations.This article explores family relations, providing the study of the key differences in love styles among four family life stage groups. The researchers use the Love Attitude Scale to identify differences that exist in family relations between the non-married and married groups. The researchers discuss the love attitudes and family relationship satisfaction at various life stages. This source is reliable and can be used in the further research. This source is a scholarly article that provides much i mportant facts on the issue of love and family relations.In this book, the author tells a story of a young boy’s journey into manhood. Special attention is paid to family relations and the role of family in the life of an individual. The tale of the main character Kikuyu is frustrating, but it demonstrates the significance of human values, family unity and mutual understanding. This source is reliable as the author uses true facts that reflect the identity of African people. The source is objective as the information is supported by historical evidence. The facts are well-documented. The author is a Kenyan writer, who is well-educated to write on this topic. This book can be used in my research as it provides much information on the topic â€Å"Love and Family†.This article explores the important role of father love. The authors assess cultural construction of fatherhood and the effects this construction may have as a motivator for understudying father love. The resear ch is based on demonstration of the powerful impact of father love on children’s development. Special attention is paid to social, emotional, and cognitive development of children and young adults. This scholarly article is reliable and can be used in the further research. The major facts are well-documented. The authors are psychologists and provide much important information of the topic, based on psychological analysis.This book discusses the relationships between parents and their children. The author of the book refers to the Fourth Commandment of God which says, â€Å"Honor thy father and thy mother.†   The author places emphasis on the role of religion in family relations and helps to better understand the nature of love that exists between parents and their children. Religion helps to keep family members together, educate children and prepare them for adulthood. This source of information is reliable and can be used in the further research. The author is qual ified to write on the topic of the role of love in the family. This book is a helpful source as it is focused on the analysis of the required issue.

The Same Sex Couples Raising Children Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

The Same Sex Couples Raising Children - Essay Example As the essay highlights the issues related to same-sex couple are included in the most controversial and current concerns in the society in the past few years.   From the issues of acceptance of the same-sex couples to the laws related to marriage, every subject matter had been greatly discussed and sensationalized.   To be able to achieve a certain level of awareness on the different dynamics in the social context, the paper is aimed to present the views of various forms of media on one of the important issues related to same-sex relationships, which is the manner they raise children and the processes related in terms of legal, social, ethical and cultural aspects.This research declares that the issues related to same-sex couples are included in the main concerns in the society.   Raising children for same-sex couples is the main focus of the study because one phase considered by these couples in establishing a family is having children and eventually raising and supporting th em.  There are different aspects of the issue on raising children by same-sex couples.   One of the important aspects is adoption of the child for the same-sex couples specifically the gay couples.   Different countries implement different laws regarding the process.   In 2000, the states of Arkansas, Florida, Mississippi and Utah prohibited adoption of children to gay parents.   On the other hand, countries in Europe such as Denmark, Norway and Iceland had been legally open to adoption of children to same-sex couples.

External and Internal Environmental Analysis For Barnes and Noble Term Paper

External and Internal Environmental Analysis For Barnes and Noble - Term Paper Example Barnes & Noble Inc. regarded as a fortune 500 company is one of the largest book retailers created form the basic ideas of Charles M. Barnes; who started the business with a small printing establishment in Illinois in 1873. The company merchandised in textbooks and scholarly books and became famous in the whole Manhattan and New York, but with the increase in fame, came the need to meet the high demand. This prompted Leonard Riggio, one of Barnes & Noble competitors into buying the company in 1971 and later transforming it into the world largest bookstore; the famous name it earned until to date (Morgan, 2010). Having attained the highest success rate Riggio decided to expand it again through incorporation of a broader selection of commodities, which has seen the Barnes & Noble Company’s expansion all over the United States with accomplishments in the internet e-book services, shipping and mailing systems. The company has recorded remarkable sales turnovers, but they still fai l in the area of conforming to the environmental impacts of the market. Therefore as part of sourcing out a long-lasting solution and defining the future of the company, the management has to carry out an external and internal environmental analysis for the company (Barnes & Noble, 1997). The success of this analysis relates directly to the strategic plan that the company formulates and puts into practice; which forms the basis of this paper that seeks to plot out a workable strategic plan for Barnes & Noble Inc.... The company has the best locations characterized by their excellent choice of location, for example, in cafes like the Starbucks. Through the high success turnover rate, they enjoy the capability of having enough capital for expansion. They have a wide clientele base emanating from the extra program such as the children book club and the publishing programs Since the company bases its work on creativity, they attract the biggest clientele number of Americans who value art. The technological advancement and the increased need for a computer literate generation boost the numbers of clients that utilize the company’s eBook service benefiting company in return. Strong team to lead and manage the company. Growth of the online product. Added equity when it comes to the brands. Stable financial position. Weaknesses: They have the highest internal operating costs due to the many locations they have opened their stores. Sluggish in keeping up with the divergent change in issues and tre nds. The company lacks proper preparedness when it comes to dealing with change and competition. Diseconomies of scale. Over estimated economies of scale. Weak chain of managers. Threats: The competition from other online libraries and online businesses such as the Amazon. The economy that continues to slow down. External changes such as the politics, the government and taxes. Existence of cheap but effective technology.. Competitors who offer low-cost products The rampant growing product substitution such as the eBooks. Fluctuations in exchange rates. Competition. Conflicts relating to the varied competitor prices. Opportunities: A rich marketplace because of their a unique business strategy of penetrating the most profitable markets; selling scholarly books, movies, textbooks, coffee,

Discount Pricing - Prices in a slow economy Article

Discount Pricing - Prices in a slow economy - Article Example A survey conducted from Henry H. Harteveldt represented that companies are trying to cut down on their business travelling budget and are very strictly and cautiously making decisions regarding air travel for business (MOUAWAD, 2012). This article relates to the course because the course is about pricing decision making, in pricing decision making the companies such as the airline companies have to decide whether or not to increase prices and what activities can be done in order to attract more customers. This decision can not be made by the companies until and unless they take the decision making of the travelers and consumers in their analysis. Their analysis will show that the consumers do not have confidence in the economy and they are spending money very cautiously, they are trying to save every penny in order to ensure profits and to remain safe from going out of business. MOUAWAD, JAD. "Business Travel Is Rising, but Not Necessarily the Travel Budget - NYTimes.com." The New York Times - Breaking News, World News & Multimedia. N.p., n.d. Web. 5 Oct. 2012.

Airline Reservation System

Airline Reservation System Introduction Overview The Project aim to design and implement a working model of an Airline Reservation System. The project will be built and tested on an Oracle database and uses JAVA as the programming language. JDBC will be use as the interface between the database and JAVA. The primary goal of this project is to help passengers make flight reservation. The system will be able to find all the flights available fulfilling a passenger’s needs and able to search all flights with a given origin and destination. The system will displayed the arrival and departure times, the flight number and passenger will decide flight reservation based on the displayed information The secondary goal is to provide a means for the airline operators to manager the flights. The operator will be able to put up lists of passengers with over-weight bags for Business and Economy class passengers External Interface Requirements User Interfaces: The Web will be used as an interface with the users Hardware Interfaces No special hardware is required for this product Software Interfaces: Java JDBC Apache Tomcat servlets Oracle 8I SQL server USE CASE Model A user may obtain available seating information for flight between specified locations, for a given date. A user may make a reservation for any available seat(s). A user may cancel an existing reservation. A user may than purchase the ticket. The system functionality is described in more detail using UML Static Model In the model the concept of reservation has been simplified by requiring that all reservations be part of a group reservation, even if a group reservation is for a group of just one. Figure 2. Normalized Information model of a flight seat reservation system annotated to convey meaning easily Figure 3. Formalised dependency derived from figure 2. The X denotes inconsistent dependencies. and 1 the terminal object. This figure represents both theory and model. Figure 4. modifies figure 3 by leaving out the detail of the terminal object. It adds in objects to support flights with multiple segments. A basic flight segment (flight_seg) is a leg of a flight that is the component of the flight between adjacent airports of the flight path. The flight_seg* object is an expression of all contiguous flight path combinations of flight segments, including basic flight segments and segments that include other segments. A static model of information is given in figure 2. The dependencies in this model are re-oriented in figure 3 to show the dependencies more clearly. The dependencies to airport are inconsistent because airport is playing two roles (departure airport and arrival airport). The terminal object is specified by the property that every object must have a unique arrow to it. The terminal object can be interpreted as representing global properties of the system such as the airline company that has the reservation system. Business Option Why ARS is Needed With Airline Reservation System implemented, the airlines may be subjected to many benefits, the benefits are as listed below: Increase in Sales of Tickets With Airline Reservation System, I can track our passengers purchasing preferences and with this I can promote special flight packages to our existing passengers. Passengers’ reservations patterns can also be used to determine the marketable flight and then try to provide more flights and services to fulfill the high demand. Besides, ARS is also capable in increasing passenger loyalty and satisfaction by providing good reservation and services. Reduce in Time and Cost Traditional paper reservation records have many drawbacks: they can be incomplete, torn, worn, misplaced, or lost. They also require a lot of storage space in addition to requiring extensive administrative time from user. With the implementation of ARS, it will prevent data lost with back-up function and decrease in cost and time. It can increase the speed of searching, processing and making reservation. Thus, it gives satisfactory to passengers. From the data stored in the system, it is capable to generate daily/monthly sales report automatically. Users do not have to waste their time to generate the report manually. More Organized Information Flight ticket reservation method has better organization of information for better retrieval with ARS. All other relevant data can be managed and well-organized using the system. Data will be stored in the database accordingly. Thus, user can make a clear view on any data as they wish without any problem. Technical Option Below are the list of features the system should or most have:- Add/Delete Airline Manager Information Add/ Delete Ticketing Staff Information Add/ Delete Flight Information Add/Delete Passenger Information Make Reservation View/Query/Cancel Reservation View/Query on Flight Information View/Query on Passenger Information View/Query on Airline Manager Information View/Query on Ticketing Staff Information Report on Flight, Passenger, Airline Manager and Ticketing Staff Existing Systems I have managed to do a research on the existing automated ARS used in Malaysia Airlines. The airlines reservation system used in Malaysia Airlines is known as KOMMAS. KOMMAS is a DOS-base system that use by MAS for ticket reservation. This system has 25 years history. It had been upgrade for 4 times in these 25 years to add more features in it. Now, they still are using this system to do reservation for customers. All brunch of MAS in overseas are using the same system to do reservation too. The system can check on the departure time and day to specific place. Not only flights that offer by MAS but also flights offered by other airline systems in Malaysia and overseas. For reservation, the reservation person will key in the record and book the tickets. Once booked, the system will check whether the flights or seats is confirm. This system has link to the capacity of the aircraft. For example, this system tells the number of seats occupied and empty seats for each class. If the seats had full, a note will pop up say that seats are full and confirm can not be made. By this function, the reservation person can tells the more accurately about which seats are available to customers. The reservation person will then confirm with customers. Once confirm, the customers will go to the ticketing counter to take the ticket and pay the money. The reservation person will key in the reference number to the system. The information of customers will pop up if he had made the reservation. The deadline for customers to take the tickets is 2 weeks before departure time. If the customers didn’t take the ticket and pay the money before these two weeks, the system will automatically erase the reservation. This is to enable others to do reservation. There is no deposit required in this process. For customers that want to change their flights departure time or date, the reservation person just need to key in the customer’s reference number and change the details. Customers also can cancel the flights if they couldn’t make it. The information of customers will keep by the system for 6 months. After 6 months, the system will automatically delete the passenger information. This system also allows customers to make some special requirement. For example, some people may have elegy to certain food, the reservation person will key in this special requirement for food into the system, so that special meal will be provided to this person. Customers also can choose seat that they prefer. In the other words, this system is customers friendly. Booking is done by reservation department. But ticketing department also can access it and make reservation for customers. Ticketing and reservation department are link to each other, they can access the same database. KOMMAS have a specific code for the user of this system. For persons who make reservation and ticketing, they have the highest accessibility to use the system. For managing level, they just can access the system and check the report of flights and customer’s reservation information. For administration level of this system, they can customize the flights and departure time. System down was happened before. When the system is down, all the ticketing reservation will do manually. The system also has backup the information of all flights and customers’ information. This is to prevent the damage of database due to virus or physical damage. So, there is no reason that they will lose their data. However, this system has its weaknesses. It can not generate report according to the requirement of user. Also, this system has no basic intelligent. User will only get the report after one or two weeks. Due to this system is DOS base, the interface of this system may not attractive. Also, it is not user friendly enough for the user. User will need to memorize all the codes to make reservation, to view reports, to check on flight and etc. Information that shown out from the system is messy. For the beginner user of this system, they will face the difficulties to understand the information shown. For the security part, user do not have own password to get into the system. They get into the system just by using the access code that they had given. Project Plan Gantt Chart The first session of this project is to develop the system’s prototype and interim report. I have divided the first session of tasks into six different parts from Project initiation and planning until presentation. The first task is Project initiation and planning which start on 12 Oct. 2007. Due to the deadline’s I will be expected to spend not more than two weeks to complete the first task. Than the next task is to work on Literature Review in this task I will be researching existing reference for the system and project, I will try to make contact with if possible visit a Local Airline office. The Second session of this project will starts after the submission of interim report and prototype. I will start to prepare the final report; I have divided those tasks mainly on seven different parts from Review on preview project work until presentation. On Thu 06/12/07, I planned to start a very crucial task, which is Analysis and Design. First I will have a analyze the requirement for this project and then I starts to design Entity Relational Diagram and Data Flow Diagram. It will consume most of the time in this task followed by drawing context diagram. The Analysis and Design is expected to finish on Tue 25/12/07. The final task before presentation is development prototype and Report, a prototype will be developed and it will consume most of the time while finalizing report will be the minor part in this task. The first task that I need to do is review on preview project work, which start on Thu, 24/01/08 I will analyze what problem are to be solved and what improvement to be made and design a new project plan. The first task will be expected to spend eight days to complete. The next task will be to update plan and requirement. After completing the review session, I will have the final update for the plan and project requirement. This plan should meet requirement in development a successful database CASE tool. This is expected to take five days to complete. And than, System Design is next which is Database and Software Architecture. I will construct a database to the system for the purpose of enhancement; I will design on screen and repair the data model, which is expected to finish in eight days. The next task is Prototype Review of major modules in this task I will continue to work on the prototype which I have done during the interim report before staring the initial system coding, It is expected to finish Tue, 25/03/08 .After the implementation phase, I will go through the testing phase by constructing a Test Plan and Test Data. I will create an acceptance test and begin system debugging if problem occurs. And this is expected to finish Thu, 17/04/08 The following task is Final Report and Testing Evaluation. In this testing phase, I will continue on the final report, system testing and system evaluation. I will concentrate on the Final Report as well as System Completion towards the end of project development. I need to prepare a well-written and high-quality final report. The final task is the presentation of the project. A good preparation on this presentation phase will insure a good representation of the project. Project Milestones l In the milestones table, it’s mainly divided into four major phases, which the first phase completed by 1 November 2007 while the second phases are expected to be completed by 15 November 2007 including the review presentation. And the final phases will be sub-divided into six tasks and the completion date for each task is stated as the table below No. Tasks Milestone/Date Completed 1 Project Initiation and Planning Wed 24/10/07 2 Literature Review (Research) Wed 05/12/07 3 Analysis and Design Tue 25/12/07 4 Prototype and Report Wed 23/01/08 5. Review on Preview Project Work Mon 18/02/08 6. System Design ( Database Software Architechit) Fri 07/03/08 7. Prototype Review of major Modules Tue 25/03/08 8. Test Plan Test Data Thu 17/04/08 9. Final Draft Testing Evaluation Mon 05/05/08 10. Presentation Thu 15/05/08 Table 1.1: Project Milestones Reference Johnson, M.S.J., R. Rosebrugh and R.J. Wood, 1997. Entity relationship models and sketches, submitted to Mathematical Structures in Computer Science, July, 1997, 18pp.

Child Abuse and Neglect Essay -- Violence Against Children

The abuse of children is not new. It dates back to biblical times. During recent years, child abuse has had a rise in the public eye. According to the nationally known website Childabuse.com, there are four types of child abuse: physical abuse, sexual abuse, emotional abuse, and neglect (Childabuse), each with its own unique set of characteristics, each affecting a child differently, and each noticeable, stoppable, and preventable. The first type of child abuse is physical abuse. Childabuse.com stated that, this type of abuse should be stopped as soon as possible, for it could result in death. It involves any type of physical discipline that causes visible injuries or wounds on a child. Any abuse that results in a severe injury needing medical care that could be life threatening, cause mental or physical impairment or chronic pain classified as physical child abuse (Childabuse). The second type of child abuse is sexual abuse. Sexual abuse is defined as acts of sexual harassment and sexual exploitation of minors. Sexual abuse has a wide range of behavior and may consist of many acts over a long period of time or a single incident. The nature of the crime, the shame of the victim, and the involvement of loved ones may make it harder for children to come forward and report abuse. A statistic from Medtwerm.com written by author John Mersch said that sexual abuse is the least reported form of child abuse, accounting for only 10% of all cases (Mersch). Child pornography, child prostitution, or the exposure of a child to sexual acts or things showing sexual acts may also be included in sexual abuse. The third type of child abuse is emotional abuse. Mersch says that emotional abuse involves verbal assaults, ignoring, or constant ... ...e factors to ensure the well being of children. Parents can also help stop and prevent child abuse in the community just by something as simple as keeping an eye out for the children in the neighborhood. Child abuse affects children of all ages, races, and backgrounds. Any child can be victimized. And the victimizer can be anyone. Male, female, parent, friend, and sometimes even another child. The best thing for a person to do to help solve the problem of child abuse is to keep an open eye out for signs. The sooner the abuse of a child is stopped, the better chance that the child has of living a normal, healthy, and happy life. Works Cited Child Abuse: Prevention through Education and Awareness.† Child Abuse. 2014. Article Originals, Inc., Web. 27 Oct 2014. Pyrek, Kelly. Forensic Nursing. Boca Raton, FL: CRC PRESS, 2006331. Print.

Modern Ethical Theories

Philosophically Egoism theory purports that one’s self is or should be the motivation and reasons of our own actions.   This theory has two variations, descriptive or normative variation and altruism variation.   Altruism variation holds that one should maximize good for all being in the world (Hobbes, 1651).   Altruism is the opposite of egoism. Ethical egoism is a normative theory that revolves around the idea that each individual should do what is entirely in his or her self interests and by doing actions that aimed at self interest he or she achieves morality.   The theory states that one’s self interest is the primary motive of actions and is the moral thing to do. Hence the theory is a self effacing theory which tries to justify reasons for actions as duty bound or morally right. Psychological egoism theory on the other hand is a descriptive theory that describes human actions as wholly motivated by self interest it implies that individual’s actions are purely by self centered even though the actions may seem to be motivated by interest of others (More, G.E., 1903).   It states that, â€Å"all human actions are selfish acts at their roots†. Thus it asserts that if individual helps others, acts which may seem to be of benefit to others.   The primary motive may be the need for an individual to better him/herself thus making the act self-seeking.   It is impossible to empirically prove the psychological egoism theory wrong but it is just as hard to empirically prove the theory right.   In addition once the premise of the theory is accepted the actions can be interpreted to support the theory. Fallacy of Psychological Egoism Psychological egoism theory states that people are always motivated by their own interests.   This   however hastily   generalizes actions and their motivation   since there are instances we can disapprove this such as, when an individual smokes .this is an act that can be harmful to one’s wellbeing thus not act in   self interest, others such as soldiers carry out their duties without considering personal gains. There are also instances where motivations to act may appear to be of no self interest   at face value but   are nevertheless self interest motivated (Rachels, J., 2003).   For example if an individual is motivated to act out of fear or his acts are motivated by fear, he/she may be acting in the interest of self-preservation. On the other hand, these actions/reactions may be driven by the interest of the other individual or threats from this other individual thus his/her action may be classified as an action motivated for other’s interest.   In this case, the individual actions are what she/he is motivated to do, for instance run. The strong and weak versions of Ethical Egoism The ethical egoism can be split into two versions; the strong and the weak versions.   The strong version supports the endorsement of an individual’s own good as the moral thing to do.   Individual actions that are driven by self-interest or self fulfillment arise out of moral judgement while the weak version supports the premise that there are situations where it may be prudent to ignore personal welfare when making moral judgement (Rachels, J., 2003). For instance if a soldier lies on a grenade to save his friends he may act this way to be able to live with himself In other words if he acted otherwise he may live the rest of his life with a guilty conscience .However the strong version might interpret this action as the moral thing to do. Contrast in Motivation Doctrines of the two theories Psychological egoism theory is the empirical doctrine that an individual’s act is a desire for one’s own welfare (Sigmund, F., 1966).   However, these acts usually conceal the determining motives.   This concealment is usually in their self-interest.   The theory results from observation of human behaviour and can only be proved empirically if there are no exceptions.   It makes no claim to how individuals should act for their self-interest.   This premise can be argued to be verifiable but non-moral. On the other hand, the ethical egoism theory is prescriptive doctrine that individuals actions are in self-interest that is for personal welfare thus the personal welfare is the most valuable thing for an individual.   However, the theory does not claim that all individuals seek their own self interest.   It only claims that individuals should seek their own self-interest that is all individual might not seek self-interest (Sigmund, F., 1966).   For the ethical egoism theory to hold or to be proven as a theory its premises must hold for all individuals. Differences between ethical egoism and psychological egoism Psychological egoism is descriptive while the ethical egoism theory is prescriptive, that is, the psychological theory states why individuals act the way they do while the ethical theory suggests the reasons for such.   The other difference is concerned with their motivation doctrines.   In psychological egoism it is human nature to be driven by selfish reasons whereas in the ethical egoism theory selfish acts are the morally right thing to do (More, G.E., 1903).Psychological egoism deals with reality while ethical egoism deals with what reality should be. It   can also be argued that ethical egoism approves of cooperative behaviour   while psychological egoism does not since the theory   believes in achieving maximum welfare though selfish actions . Conclusion Self-interest actions are not always selfish actions in that one can act in such a way as to benefit or for his personal welfare improvement.   Such actions cannot be termed as selfish and this is always seen as acts out of self-interest.   Self-interest acts are not always selfish acts but selfish actions are always out of personal self-interest. For example if an individual’s self interest is to obey the law we can claim the individual is doing this out of self interest, that is, it is in his/her self interest to avoid legal troubles like being jailed.   This can be seen as a selfish act.   But by obeying the law, it can also be argued that he is doing this in the interest of others or out of consideration of others.   In this case, this is not a selfish act.   However, self-interest actions are not always incompatible with the interest of others for example to help others, which is not a self-interest act.   An individual must first help himself inorder to be in a position to help others. Reference G.E. Moore (1903).   In Principia Ethica: Cambridge University Press. Rachels, J. (2003). The Elements of moral philosophy (4th ed). New York: McGraw-Hill. Sigmund, Freud (1966).   The Interpretation of Dreams.   New York: Avon.   

Free Essays on Legal Process Paper

Introduction John is an employee in a private sector organization. He wants to file a discrimination complaint against his employer. Based on this scenario, I will prepare a paper discussing the discrimination process. This will include explaining the complaint and the civil litigation process. I will also explain how the complaint begins with the Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) and proceeds through the litigation process from the state level up to the United States Supreme Court. This paper will include types of discrimination and a short description of each. Types of Discrimination There are several types of discrimination which include the following: Age, Disability, Equal Pay, National Origin, Pregnancy, Race, Religion, Sex, and Sexual Harassment. The first type of discrimination that I will describe is Age. Age discrimination protects people who are 40 years of age or older from employment discrimination based on age. The ADEA’s protects both the employee and the applicants. Under this law it would apply to employers who have 20 or more employees. The Americans with Disabilities Act prohibits private employers from discriminating against qualified individuals. An individual with a disability is a person who: has a physical or mental impairment that substantially limits one or more major life activities; has a record of such impairment; or is regarded as has having such impairment. The Equal Pay Act is the act that requires men and women be given equal pay for equal work in the same company. The jobs need not be identical, but they must be substantially equal. National origin discrimination has a meaning of treating someone less favorably because he or she comes from a different place. National origin also means treating someone different because they are related to or associated with another person from a different nationality. Process Paper 3 The next protected classification is the Pregnan... Free Essays on Legal Process Paper Free Essays on Legal Process Paper Introduction John is an employee in a private sector organization. He wants to file a discrimination complaint against his employer. Based on this scenario, I will prepare a paper discussing the discrimination process. This will include explaining the complaint and the civil litigation process. I will also explain how the complaint begins with the Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) and proceeds through the litigation process from the state level up to the United States Supreme Court. This paper will include types of discrimination and a short description of each. Types of Discrimination There are several types of discrimination which include the following: Age, Disability, Equal Pay, National Origin, Pregnancy, Race, Religion, Sex, and Sexual Harassment. The first type of discrimination that I will describe is Age. Age discrimination protects people who are 40 years of age or older from employment discrimination based on age. The ADEA’s protects both the employee and the applicants. Under this law it would apply to employers who have 20 or more employees. The Americans with Disabilities Act prohibits private employers from discriminating against qualified individuals. An individual with a disability is a person who: has a physical or mental impairment that substantially limits one or more major life activities; has a record of such impairment; or is regarded as has having such impairment. The Equal Pay Act is the act that requires men and women be given equal pay for equal work in the same company. The jobs need not be identical, but they must be substantially equal. National origin discrimination has a meaning of treating someone less favorably because he or she comes from a different place. National origin also means treating someone different because they are related to or associated with another person from a different nationality. Process Paper 3 The next protected classification is the Pregnan...

Founding Brothers Paper essays

Founding Brothers Paper essays Founding Brothers by Joseph J. Ellis Published by Alfred A. Knopf, a division of Random House, Inc., New York, in 2000 There have been many key and important events in our nations history, and many people who have contributed to the growth and development of this country. Though many have played a significant role in our countrys history, out of all the events and people, one group or generation allowed all that followed to take place, and is one of the most important components in our American history, our Founding Fathers. The novel Founding Brothers discusses the major events and interactions of these Founding Brothers. The most famous duel in American history and the focus of the beginning chapter of the novel was the Hamilton Burr duel. Burr challenged Hamilton to a duel after the two had quarreled for some time. Both participants of the duel died in New Jersey in 1804 on July 11th. I found this event interesting not because of its importance of a historical nature, but because it was interesting to think that two very well known men with political careers would duel to the death over a feud. The times were obviously very different back then; to think that if two people in politics today had a duel over a fight of words is outlandish. I found it interesting to see how these men interacted and to see their personalities, as I had never seen them as characters but only historical figures. Another significant event was the dinner that Jefferson hosted invited Hamilton and Madison. The dinner at Jeffersons was to be a place of negotiation between Hamilton and Madison over Hamiltons program, which dealt with the national and states debt. Madison agreed to allow Hamiltons program to pass and got Hamilton to see to getting the nations capital in Virginia. After this dinner Madison reevaluated Hamiltons plan and once again ...

Company Proposal of Web Design for a Group of UK University Education Thesis

Company of Web Design for a Group of UK University Education Professional ( web applications) - Thesis Proposal Example The administrators have privileged rights allowing them to manage user accounts and information on the website. The admin is also responsible for holding various events advertised on the website. It is proposed that international students should make up the largest number of visitors to such websites. It is uneconomical for them to travel to obtain information about courses offered in universities. The website’s interface will therefore be available in several languages namely; Brazilian, Chinese, Russian and Arabic. This will assist non-English speakers access it more easily. For easy navigation through various pages on the site, it will have several simple menus on the home page. These are forum, services, programs, courses, ILTEST and contact us. The path name to various pages on the website will be visible on the URL in the address bar of the browser. To get the latest communication and information out to the users, the website has a newsflash banner. This will give information such as events recently held by the website’s administrator. The newsflash could also include new functionality added to the website by the admin and the top rated course on the website. Another key feature of the website’s interface will be the search box on the top right corner of the home page. Using SEO, users can type keywords in the search box and results will be courses they are looking for (LYNCH and HORTON, 1999). Besides the search engine optimized search box, the website will also feature advanced search functionality. Below is a snapshot of the advanced search functionality. The search box will yield all results that match the search phrase. However, the advanced search allows the user to specify various criteria for a search. The advanced search has three dropdown menus from which the user can filter the search results. The criteria for filtering is the course name, program (undergraduate, postgraduate, etc) and the university’s location in the

The Learning Of Pharmacy Medicine Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The Learning Of Pharmacy Medicine - Essay Example In my opinion, knowledge gained from your reputable institution will allow me to become an efficient pharmacist. Since my childhood until now, I have been able to realize that service is truly a way of contributing to the society and not everyone is capable of making such a contribution. Education that I gained has been efficient in inspiring me to give my best to individuals in need. In addition, research on the profession of pharmacy has indicated that this profession is in rapid process of emergence, and pharmacists are playing a crucial and noteworthy role in the establishment of quality standards for pharmaceutical, as well as health care in the society. Moreover, recent developments in the pharmacy have resulted in broad perspectives of the field that were not recognized earlier, such as the academic pharmacist, antibiotic pharmacist, etc. My passion and zeal for pharmacy enhanced during my volunteering at one of the pharmaceutical organizations that facilitated me in understanding the real impact of pharmacy on the society, and helped me in developing talent, as well as composure required in the profession. To be a great pharmacist, one has to care about others to the point of achieving beyond the objective. With every patient, a pharmacist has to carry out different tasks in responsible and efficient manner, in order to bring a positive and constructive change in one’s life. Unlike conventional pharmacy, pharmacists are now working closely with patients rather than limiting to the products, a significant factor of this profession that has inspired me to acquire education in this field and make a difference in human lives.